Space Coast Medicine and Healthy Living » Dentistry

Acids Are Culprit In Dental Disease

Tom Palermo — Wed, 21 Oct 2009 22:16:14 +0000

DENTISTRY: It’s All About the pH

AN UNHEALTHY MOUTH or one whose teeth are improperly brushed and flossed, leads0 to a build up of plaque, a sticky biofilm that enables the bacteria, particularly Strep Mutans to reproduce. These bacteria process the food and drink we consume and secrete acid which demineralizes and decays the tooth.

Most people are aware that if you eat good food, brush and floss regularly and visit your dentist periodically, your teeth should be in good shape. You may be doing all this, but still getting cavities.

Maybe you’ve thought that there must be something more to the story. Well, you’re right, there is. One often overlooked and seldom discussed factor in your oral health is acidity. Acids in the mouth are a significant culprit in dental disease. Acids in food and drink directly erode teeth.

pH Facts and Numbers to Ponder

Pure water is said to be neutral, pH7.0, on a scale of 1 to 14
Solutions with a pH less than 7.0 are acidic, more than 7.0 they are alkaline
In a healthy mouth, resting saliva has a pH 6.5 or greater
Battery acid has a pH1.0
Lemon juice pH 2.0
Coke and Pepsi have a pH2.5, Diet Coke’s pH is 3.3 (regular Coke is 10,000 times more acidic than water) and Florida orange juice is pH 3.4
Human blood is slightly alkaline, pH 7.3

Keep in mind that because the pH scale is logarithmic, a one-unit change in pH is associated with a 10-fold change in acidity.

Your mouth can also become acidic from the inside out. Dramatic examples are acid reflux or bulimia both of which pull stomach acids into the mouth, where they do not belong. Stomach acids are pH 2 and are 100,000 times more acidic than water.

Some medications create ‘xerostomia’ or dry mouth. This condition inhibits the natural saliva washing of your teeth. Saliva brings calcium and minerals to the teeth and helps repair any damage.
It takes about 20-30 minutes for your saliva to dilute and to neutralize damaging acids from your mouth. Problems occur when you drink more acidic beverages before your mouth has recovered.

Strep Mutans Loves Sucrose

“STREP MUTANS,” a shortened term for Mutans Streptococci, is an acid-producing bacterium that attacks tooth enamel minerals which in turn causes tooth decay.

As your mouth is the first stop in food digestion, there are hundreds of different kinds of bacteria in your mouth. Strep mutans is the main culprit in tooth decay. In a healthy mouth, it’s not a problem.

An unhealthy mouth or one whose teeth are improperly brushed and flossed, lead to a build up of plaque, a sticky biofilm that enables the bacteria, particularly strep Mutans to reproduce. These bacteria process the food and drink we eat and secrete acid which demineralizes and decays the tooth.

Strep mutans loves snacks and finds no difference between a soda cracker and a candy. It loves sucrose, as in candy and cookies, fructose, as in fruits and juices, lactose, as in milk products, and starches, as in breads, crackers, chips and processed foods. Strep mutans love refined foods!

Important points to remember when contemplating dietary acidity and harm to your teeth:

First: The lower the pH the worse it is for your teeth; coke is worse than water.
Second: We’re not concerned about the occasional soft drink. It’s what you drink all the time that matters.
Third: It’s how you drink it, that’s important. The longer it takes you to drink a soda the more time it has to attack your teeth. If you want to drink a soda, it’s better to drink it, than sip it all day long.
Fourth: The more plaque on your teeth the more likely the bacteria will produce acid to decalcify and decay the tooth.

In the next article, we will discuss the strategies to create an oral environment favorable to health and even reverse early decay with excellent hygiene, and remineralization techniques like Xylitol Therapy.

ABOUT THE AUTHOR

Dr. Edwards graduated from the United States Merchant Marine Academy and Temple University School of Dentistry. He completed a general practice residency at the Queens Medical Center in Honolulu. To reach Dr. Edwards you may call 321-751-7775 or visit www.SmileDesignCenter.us

Acids In the Mouth Culprit In Dental Disease

Tom Palermo — Mon, 05 Oct 2009 01:28:46 +0000

DENISTRY

BREVARD COUNTY, FLORIDA – Most people are aware that if you eat good food, brush and floss regularly and visit your dentist periodically, your teeth should be in good shape. You may be doing all this, but still getting cavities.

Maybe you’ve thought that there must be something more to the story. Well, you’re right, there is. One often overlooked and seldom discussed factor in your oral health is acidity.

Acids in the mouth are a significant culprit in dental disease. Acids in food and drink directly erode teeth.

pH Facts and Numbers to Ponder – pH is the measure of the acidity or alkalinity of a solution:

Pure water is said to be neutral, pH7.0, on a scale of 1 to 14
Solutions with a pH less than 7.0 are acidic, more than 7.0 they are alkaline
In a healthy mouth, resting saliva has a pH 6.5 or greater
Battery acid has a pH1.0
Lemon juice pH 2.0
Coke and Pepsi have a pH2.5, Diet Coke’s pH is 3.3 (regular Coke is 10,000 times more acidic than water) and Florida orange juice is pH 3.4
Human blood is slightly alkaline, pH 7.3.

Keep in mind that because the pH scale is logarithmic, a one-unit change in pH is associated with a 10-fold change in acidity.

Your mouth can also become acidic from the inside out. Dramatic examples are acid reflux or bulimia both of which pull stomach acids into the mouth, where they do not belong.

Stomach acids are pH 2 and are 100,000 times more acidic than water. Some medications create ‘xerostomia’ or dry mouth. This condition inhibits the natural saliva washing of your teeth. Saliva brings calcium and minerals to the teeth and helps repair any damage.

It takes about 20-30 minutes for your saliva to dilute and to neutralize damaging acids from your mouth. Problems occur when you drink more acidic beverages before your mouth has recovered.

Strep Mutans Loves Sucrose

“STREP MUTANS” a shortened term for Mutans Streptococci, is an acid-producing bacterium that attacks tooth enamel minerals which in turn causes tooth decay. Of the hundreds of different types of bacteria living in your mouth, only a handful are thought to cause gum disease, but only Strep Mutans is implicated as the main cause of dental decay.

An unhealthy mouth or one whose teeth are improperly brushed and flossed, lead to a build up of plaque, a sticky biofilm that enables the bacteria, particularly strep Mutans to reproduce.

These bacteria process the food and drink we eat and secrete acid which demineralizes and decays the tooth.
Strep mutans loves snacks and finds no difference between a soda cracker and a candy.

It loves sucrose, as in candy and cookies, fructose, as in fruits and juices, lactose, as in milk products, and starches, as in breads, crackers, chips and processed foods. Strep mutans love refined foods!

Important points to remember when contemplating dietary acidity and harm to your teeth:

First: The lower the pH the worse it is for your teeth; coke is worse than water.
Second: We’re not concerned about the occasional soft drink. It’s what you drink all the time that matters.
Third: It’s how you drink it, that’s important. The longer it takes you to drink a soda the more time it has to attack your teeth. If you want to drink a soda, it’s better to drink it, than sip it all day long.
Fourth: The more plaque on your teeth the more likely the bacteria will produce acid to decalcify and decay the tooth.

Dr. Chris Edwards

Laser Technology Makes Dentist Visit More Pleasant For All

Tom Palermo — Sat, 13 Jun 2009 20:52:11 +0000

DENTAL TECHNOLOGY

Dr. Chris Edwards

MANY OF US haven’t been to the dentist for a long time and our memories and fears of how it was the last time we went is a good part of the reason why we don’t go now.

But, dentistry has made tremendous changes benefiting the patient in unimaginable ways. New laser dental technology is now allowing dentists to treat their patients more comfortably than ever. The only problem is that most people don’t know that laser dentistry exists.

Waterlase MD

The Waterlase MD is a revolutionary dental tool that uses a combination of laser energy and water to perform many dental procedures with few to no shots. The US Food and Drug Administration approves it for use in a variety of dental work from fixing cavities, preparing teeth for crowns and root canals, gum treatment including surgery and it can even help in placing implants.

Biolase, the company that makes the Waterlase MD, the leading dental laser in the world, patents the process called HydroPhotonics. The laser’s use of water prevents the buildup of heat that naturally occurs with most lasers. This enables the gentle removal of tooth, decay and even bone with very little trauma to the tissue and much less postoperative discomfort.

The Waterlase MD anesthetizes the nerve inside the tooth, making it possible for many procedures to be done without local anesthetic, in other words, no shot! There is no vibration only an audible ‘popping sound.’

DIAGNOdent

AMONG THE NEWEST technologies in laser dentistry is a small instrument called the DIAGNOdent, which scans your teeth with harmless laser light searching for hidden decay.

The WaterlaseMD is one very important part of Minimally Invasive Dentistry. The DIAGNOdent is the other. The DIAGNOdent is a brilliant tool, which finds cavities before they are visible to the naked eye or show up on an X-ray.

Dentists using the DIAGNOdent and Waterlase MD lasers are able to diagnose cavities earlier and restore teeth with minimal enamel removal. The benefit to patients is that these teeth are ultimately stronger and have a better chance of lasting a lifetime. No more big amalgam fillings, cracked teeth or the expense of crowns and root canals. The old adage ‘a stitch in time saves nine’ is applicable here.

The Waterlase MD does not damage adjacent tissue. Less tissue damage equals less discomfort and a shorter healing time. The laser also kills bacteria, which promotes healing.

Lasers make going to the dentist a win/win situation. They minimize the likelihood that you will need extensive dentistry that can be expensive and painful. They also make the dentists’ job easier and more pleasant for all.

Tooth-Shaped Crown Restores Shape, Size

Tom Palermo — Sat, 13 Jun 2009 17:26:07 +0000

DENTISTRY

: Dr. Robert Matthews

A DENTAL CROWN, also known as a cap, is a tooth shaped covering that is placed over a tooth that has been badly decayed or damaged.

: MODERN DENTAL CROWNS, when cemented into place, fully encase the entire visible portion of a tooth that lies at and above the gum line.

Crowns are generally used when the damage or decay is so extensive that filling materials cannot make the tooth strong enough, and can usually last 10 to 15 years. In addition, crowns can be used to hold a bridge in place and to cover discolored or misshaped teeth.

Types of Dental Crowns
There are three types of dental crowns. Which type of crown used is determined by location of tooth, amount of tooth showing, and need for esthetics.

Metal crowns can be made of gold, palladium, nickel or chromium alloy, and are ideal for use on the back teeth.
Ceramic crowns look like normal teeth and are used on front teeth.
Porcelain fused to metal (PFM) crowns are stronger than ceramic crowns and look like natural teeth.

Most patients select PFM crowns because they restore the shape of the tooth and improve the cosmetic appearance while strengthening and protecting the remains of the tooth.

Types of PFM Crowns

Porcelain fused to non-precious alloys are usually made with a high nickel and chromium content and, in some cases and in smaller concentrations, titanium and beryllium.
Porcelain fused to semi-precious alloys requires a mix of several metals for a satisfactory composition because porcelain will not chemically bond with gold itself. A combination of palladium, platinum, silver, copper, zinc and gold is used for an optimum result which resists tarnish and corrosion and, because it initiates very few chemical reactions, is non toxic and hypoallergenic.
Both types of PFM crowns are approved by The American Dental Association. The semi-precious PFM crowns are more expensive to fabricate and cost the patient more.

Because the high nickel content of the non-precious PFM crown may predispose to gum allergies, and the beryllium sometimes used in non-precious PFM crowns can be carcinogenic, I routinely recommend the semi-precious PFM crown for my patients. However, if a patient requests a non-precious PFM crown, we will accommodate them by using talladium tilite which contains no beryllium.

Robert Matthews, D.D.M. graduated with honors from the University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine. Practicing dentistry for over 27 years, Dr. Matthews is a fellow in the Academy of General Dentistry and a member in good standing in the American Dental Association. Commander Matthews recently retired from the U.S. Naval Reserves. If you have additional questions about dentures, you may call Perfect Fit Dental at 321-986-8686 or log on to www.perfectfitdental.com

Dental Implants Date Back to Ancient Egyptians

Tom Palermo — Fri, 12 Jun 2009 14:37:12 +0000

DENTAL TECHNOLOGY

Dr. Chris Edwards

Bone, Tissue Grafting Present Opportunities for Implants

A DENTAL implant is a metal device designed to replace missing teeth. The device is usually made out of titanium and is surgically placed into the jawbone where the tooth is missing. Unlike a dental bridge, which has a high likelihood of failing, an implant is permanent. They are designed to act as the tooth root and can anchor an artificial tooth or teeth such as a crown, bridge or denture.

A DENTAL IMPLANT is an artificial tooth root replacement and is used in prosthetic dentistry to support restorations that resemble a tooth or group of teeth. The most widely accepted and successful implant today is the osseointegrated implant, based on the discovery by Swedish Professor Per-Ingvar Brånemark that titanium can be successfully fused into bone.

Implants in one form or another, date back to the ancient Egyptians. What we call modern implants go back about 30 years. These implants are root shaped structures made out of titanium that become integrated into the bone by oseointegration. Osseointegration is the direct structural and functional connection between living bone and the surface of a load-bearing artificial implant, typically made of titanium.

Technology continues to improve the materials and designs of dental implants and the attachments of teeth and dentures. It is now possible to have a crown attached to an implant that is undetectable from your natural tooth. Through better research and design, implants are now stronger and heal to the bone much faster. Implants do need healthy bone and gum structure to work. The recent, tremendous improvements with bone and tissue grafting, present opportunities for implants like never before.

Mini Implants: Small diameter implants, formerly called ‘mini implants’ are gaining popularity. Today’s small diameter implants are stronger, have less failures, and better osseointegration. More than fifty percent of implants done these days are small diameter implants and their primary use is to stabilize full dentures.

The advantages to the patient are a simpler surgery, often requiring no incision of the gum. They are usually a one-visit procedure from implant placement, to attachment of the denture. There is less pain, less postoperative discomfort and they are one quarter the cost of a bar supported over denture.

Oral Cavity Portal for Disease

Tom Palermo — Fri, 12 Jun 2009 13:43:42 +0000

DENTISTRY

Dr. Robert Mathews

Dental Health and Medical Health Closely Related

THE MOUTH is a reflection of a patient’s overall health, harmful habits and nutritional status. The oral cavity is a portal of entry as well as the site of disease for microbial infections that affect general health. Streptococcus viridian is the main infective agent that can enter the bloodstream from areas with considerable bleeding such as the oral cavity, urinary tract and gastrointestinal tract.

THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION’S guidelines, published in its scientific journal, Circulation, recommends that many patients no longer need short term antibiotics as a preventive measure before their dental treatment.

These bacteria may lodge on the valves, inflame the myocardium and cause ulcerations on the inner walls of an artery. Patients with artificial joints, structural heart defect, prosthesis or previous severe infections are at a higher risk. These risks are from an implied association between dental treatments and endocarditis.

AHA Recommendations
For decades, the American Heart Association (AHA) has recommended that patients with certain heart conditions take antibiotics shortly before dental treatment. This was done with the belief that antibiotics would prevent infective endocarditis (IE). The AHA’s latest guidelines, published in its scientific journal, Circulation, recommends that most of these patients no longer need short term antibiotics as a preventive measure before their dental treatment.

These guidelines are based on a growing body of scientific evidence that shows the risks of taking preventive antibiotics outweigh the benefits for most patients. The risks include adverse reactions to antibiotics that range from mild to potentially severe. Inappropriate use of antibiotics can also lead to the development of drug-resistant bacteria.

Scientists also found no compelling evidence that antibiotics prior to a dental procedure prevent IE in patients who are at risk of developing a heart infection. Their hearts are already often exposed to bacteria from the mouth, which can enter their bloodstream during basic daily activities such as brushing or flossing. The new guidelines are based on a comprehensive review of published studies that suggests IE is more likely to occur as a result of these everyday activities than from a dental procedure.

Patients who have taken prophylactic antibiotics routinely in the past that no longer need them according to the new guidelines include people with:
• Mitral valve prolapse
• Rheumatic heart disease
• Bicuspid valve disease
• Calcified aortic stenosis
• Congenital heart conditions such as ventricular septal defect, atrial septal defect and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

NEW GUIDLINES by the American Heart Association, based on a growing body of scientific evidence, shows the risks of taking preventive antibiotics outweigh the benefits for most patients.

The new guidelines are aimed at patients who would have the greatest danger of a bad outcome if they developed a heart infection.

Preventive antibiotics prior to a dental procedure are advised for patients with:
• Artificial heart valves
• A history of infective endocarditis

Certain specific, serious congenital (present from birth) heart conditions, including:
• Unrepaired or incompletely repaired cyanotic congenital heart disease, including those with palliative shunts and conduits.
• A completely repaired congenital heart defect with prosthetic material or device, whether placed by surgery or by catheter intervention, during the first six months after the procedure.
• Any repaired congenital heart defect with residual defect at the site or adjacent to the site of a prosthetic patch or a prosthetic device.
• A cardiac transplant that develops a problem in a heart valve.

The new recommendations apply to many dental procedures, including teeth cleaning and extractions. Patient heart disease can have complicated circumstances. They should cheek with their cardiologist if there is any question at all as to the category that best fits their needs.

Robert Matthews, D.D.M. graduated with honors from the University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine. Practicing dentistry for over 27 years, Dr. Matthews is a fellow in the Academy of General Dentistry and a member in good standing in the American Dental Association. Commander Matthews recently retired from the U.S. Naval Reserves. If you have additional questions about preparing for a dental visit, call Perfect Fit Dental at 321-986-8686, or log on to PerfectFitDental.com.

New Smile Makes You Appear More Intelligent

Tom Palermo — Sun, 07 Jun 2009 23:39:39 +0000

AESTHETIC DENTISTRY

Dr. Beverly Rose

Study shows your smile is important to success

According to the American Academy of Cosmetic Dentistry, studies have proven that a beautiful smile will make you more attractive. But according to research conducted by Beall Research & Training of Chicago, a new smile will make you appear more intelligent, interesting, successful and wealthy to others as well.

Dr. Anne Beall, a social psychologist and market research professional, carried out the independent study on behalf of the American Academy of Cosmetic Dentistry (AACD). Pictures of eight individuals were shown to 528 Americans, in a statistically valid cross section of the population.

A SMILE MAKEOVER is the process of improving the appearance of the smile through one or more cosmetic dentistry procedures, such as dental veneers, composite bonding, dental implants and teeth whitening. The results can be dramatic as illustrated in these before (above) and after (below) photos.

The respondents were asked to quickly judge the eight people as to how attractive; intelligent; happy; successful in their career; friendly; interesting; kind; wealthy; popular with the opposite sex; and sensitive to other people they were.

Two sets of photos were created, with each set showing four individuals before undergoing cosmetic dentistry, and four after treatment. Half the respondents viewed set A, the other half set B. The eight subjects viewed by the respondents were evenly divided by gender. Two had mild improvements through cosmetic dentistry, two had moderate improvements, and four had major improvements to their smiles, to give a wide range for respondents to view. None, however, had visibly rotten teeth, missing teeth or catastrophically bad dental health in the before shots. Respondents were not told that they were looking at dentistry, but were asked to make snap judgments rating each person for the ten characteristics, on a scale of one to ten, with one being “not at all,” and 10 being “extremely.”

The results indicated that an attractive smile does have broad ranging benefits. While the change was most dramatic for attractive; popular with the opposite sex; wealthy and successful in their career; the change was statistically significant in all areas.

“Based on a lot of interaction with happy patients, we were expecting this type of difference in attractiveness and popularity with the opposite sex,” said Dr. Marty Zase, President of AACD, “but to have large gains in how successful, intelligent, interesting and wealthy patients appeared after cosmetic dentistry caught even us by surprise. We’ve been telling people that a beautiful smile was a great investment in their futures. Now we have independent evidence.”

To view the complete survey results CLICK HERE to go to the official web site of the AACD at www.aacd.com.

Dr. Rose received her undergraduate degree from the University of South Florida and her dental degree from the University of Florida College of Dentistry. She has had extensive post-doctoral training in cosmetic and neuro-muscular dentistry and is a strong advocate of continuing education. Dr. Rose has been in private practice in Brevard County, Florida for more than 10 years and can be reached at 321-259-4666, or CLICK HERE to log on to BeverlyRosedMD.com

Low Level Laser Therapy Highly Effective

Tom Palermo — Sun, 07 Jun 2009 18:24:51 +0000

DENTAL TECHNOLOGY

Dr. Chris Edwards

Low Level Laser Therapy is non-invasive, non-toxic, highly effective and has no known side effects.

Low Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) is a dynamic, emerging healing technology, which promises to improve dental and medical care across a wide variety of disciplines. It is sometimes called cold laser, soft laser, or laser phototherapy because it is given at a gentle output, powers shown to be quite safe and which also differentiate it from higher-powered cutting lasers. The term photobiomodulation is accepted as a description of its effects on cells.

Low Level Lasers irradiate normal and abnormal tissue with photons at a gentle intensity below the level of thermal damage. Photons are quanta of light energy that are absorbed by a variety of micromolecules within the cell, a process that initiates a number of positive physiological responses. In essence, light energy is converted into biochemical energy.

The result – normal cell morphology and function are restored. Cell membrane function is improved and stem cells are converted to new tissue cells to speed healing. Enhanced healing is accompanied by a decrease in inflammation and pain.

LOW LEVEL LASERS have many applications in dentistry. They are used to treat bone infections, canker sores, gingivitis, cold sores, lip wounds, swelling, pain and Temporomandibular joint disorder as well as other dental conditions such as controlling bleeding, decreasing pain and speeding healing.

The term laser is an acronym for light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation. The theory of lasers was initially proposed by Einstein in 1917, and the first working laser device was made in 1960 by Theodore Maiman at Hughes Research Labs. Much of the primary research comes from Russia, Scandinavia and Eastern Europe in the countries of the former Soviet Union where lasers have been used for more than 40 years.

The advantages of low level laser therapy are many. LLLT is non-invasive, non-toxic, easily applied, highly effective, and has no known side effects. There is almost no sensation other than occasional slight warmth. Virtually all cell types are benefited by the laser energy, whether a bone, muscle, ligament, nerve, connective tissue, or even a blood cell.

Lasers versatile tool
Low Level Lasers have many applications in dentistry. They are used to treat bone infections, canker sores, gingivitis, cold sores, lip wounds, swelling, pain and Temporomandibular joint disorder as well as other dental conditions. Lasers can be used before and after drilling, extractions, surgeries and implant placement to control bleeding, decrease pain and speed healing.

I am now using Low Level Laser Therapy as part of total health care for my patients. My use of lasers in Dentistry started in 2002, with the Diagnodent Laser Cavity Detector. The Diagnodent detects cavities long before they can be identified by the naked eye or the dreaded ‘pick’.

In 2006 I added the WaterlaseMD, a sophisticated laser that cuts through tissue, bone and teeth, often times not requiring local anesthesia. There are Low Level Laser benefits associated with the WaterlaseMD, which is one of the reasons that healing of tissue is much faster and there is less tooth post-op sensitivity.

David Rindge

International teacher
In spite of their many well-documented therapeutic applications and benefits, Low level Lasers have been largely overlooked in dentistry and medicine, but this is rapidly changing. We are fortunate to have an international teacher and researcher here in Brevard County.

David Rindge DOM, LAc, RN is a Doctor of Oriental Medicine, acupuncturist and registered nurse, who has written a textbook on Low Level Laser Therapy and travels worldwide teaching and lecturing on this subject. Rindge practices in Melbourne, and his website www.CooperativeMedicine.com contains an extensive library of more than 2000 scientific abstracts organized by topic or condition as well as many articles he has written about Low Level Laser Therapy.

Dr. Edwards graduated from the United States Merchant Marine Academy and Temple University School of Dentistry. He completed a general practice residency at the Queens Medical Center in Honolulu. To reach Dr. Edwards you may call 321-751-7775 or CLICK HERE

Oral Hygiene Critical to Overall Health

Tom Palermo — Thu, 04 Jun 2009 18:19:02 +0000

PERIODONTAL DISEASE

Dr. Kathy Stettler

Your mouth is the gateway into the body’s systems

It makes perfect sense that poor oral health is linked to poor physical health. Your mouth is the gateway into the rest of the body and its systems. If your mouth has a chronic infection, then your entire body may be indirectly or directly affected. Your ability to eat and your overall nutrition will also be compromised.

The main cause of periodontal disease is bacterial plaque, a sticky, colorless film that constantly forms on your teeth. If the plaque is not removed, it can turn into a hard substance called calculus or tartar. The bacteria in plaque infect the gums, and release poisons or toxins that cause redness and inflammation.

The inflammation and these toxins then cause destruction of the gums and the bone surrounding the teeth. When this happens, the gums separate microscopically from the teeth, forming pockets that fill with even more plaque. If not treated, this bone loss is progressive and leads to eventual tooth loss.

THE MAIN CAUSE of periodontal disease is bacterial plaque, a sticky, colorless film that constantly forms on your teeth. If the plaque is not removed, it can turn into a hard substance called calculus or tartar.

Periodontitis and Diabetes
Although bacterial plaque is the number one cause of gum disease, other factors can also contribute to its severity. Some of these include tobacco, hormonal changes, stress, medications, destructive habits, poor nutrition, and systemic disease. Additionally, some people are more genetically susceptible to develop gum disease.

However, it has been estimated that at least 80 percent of the adult population will have some form of gum disease at some point in their life. Chronic periodontitis has been linked to diabetes, heart and respiratory disease, as well as an increase risk of stroke and complications during pregnancy.

Periodontal diseases are often “silent.” Many people are not even aware that they have gum disease. Common signs and symptoms of periodontal disease include: red, swollen, or tender gums, bleeding while brushing or flossing, gum recession, loose or separating teeth, persistent bad breath or a changes in the way your teeth fit together when you bite.

SOME PEOPLE are more genetically susceptible to develop gum disease.

Keys to Keeping Your Teeth
Treatment for periodontal disease can vary depending on how far the disease has progressed. If the disease is caught in the early stages, simple non-surgical therapy may be sufficient. If periodontal disease is advanced, and significant amounts of bone are lost, surgical therapy may be necessary. Once periodontitis has been controlled, patients will require ongoing periodontal maintenance procedures to sustain health.

Good oral hygiene and professional care are the keys to keeping your teeth for a lifetime. If you want to up your chances of a happy, healthy life, treat your body and mouth with respect.

Signs Of Periodontal Disease

Periodontal diseases are often silent meaning that symptoms may not materialize until significant bone loss has occurred. Some people may have periodontitis and not experience any symptoms and be unaware that they have diseases. Common symptoms and signs of periodontal disease include:
Red, Swollen or tender gums
Bleeding while brushing or flossing
Gums pulling away from the teeth making teeth appear longer
Loose or separating teeth
Pus between the gum or tooth
Persistent bad breath
A change in the way your teeth fit together when you bite
A change in the fit of partials or dentures

Dr. Stetler earned a Doctor of Dental Medicine (DMD) degree from the University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine; and a Master of Science in Dentistry (MSD) and Certificate in Periodontics from Case Western Reserve University in Cleveland, Ohio. She can be reached at her office at (3231) 255-9600 or through her website at DrKathyStetler.com

All Dentists Concerned With Aesthetic Appearance of Their Work

Tom Palermo — Thu, 04 Jun 2009 17:52:29 +0000

AESTHETIC DENTISTRY

Dr. Beverly Rose

Choosing A Cosmetic Dentist: Get the smile you’ve always dreamed about.

Most people do not realize that aesthetic dentistry (cosmetic dentistry) is not a recognized specialty like Periodontics and Orthodontics. This is because all dentists are expected to be concerned about the aesthetic appearance of their work when they have completed any dental procedure for a patient.

However, there are institutions and college courses devoted solely to the art and science of aesthetic dentistry. This training may cost the doctor tens of thousands of additional dollars and take several years to complete beyond achieving a doctorate of dentistry program. It’s important that you know the level of training and experience your dentist has in this area before receiving cosmetic dental procedures.

Training
Start by ensuring that whoever is doing your treatment has specific training in aesthetic dentistry either at the university level or through continued education courses. Your dentist should have several years of aesthetic dental courses beyond dental school and should continue their aesthetics education every year. Most institutes will provide a specific curriculum of the courses completed by the doctor.

Consultation
Once you find a dentist who interests you, make an appointment for a consultation. While there, look at the dentist’s and the staff’s teeth. Have they had the procedures they are recommending for you done to themselves? If so, ask who did it. Is it the quality you are looking for? Also, ask to see the photo album of the dentist’s own ‘before’ and ‘after’ cases. Be sure that it contains only the work they have done and are not stock photographs or simulations. Ask for patient referrals and call these referrals. Ask what they had done. Ask how their procedure went. Were they comfortable during the treatment? Are they happy with the end result?

BEFORE WHITENING: While traditional dentistry focuses on oral hygiene and preventing, diagnosing and treating oral disease, cosmetic dentistry focuses on improving the appearance of a person’s teeth, mouth and smile.

ATER WHITENING

Exam
During the records appointment, the dentist should personally do a comprehensive examination of your teeth. He or she should view x-rays, discuss any discomfort you may be experiencing and ask you pertinent questions about what you would like to change about your smile or bite. They should then give you several treatment options to enhance or repair your smile.

Laboratory
Ask what laboratory ceramist and materials the dentist uses to make veneers. Laboratories and material can also be researched. Your dentist should have no problem helping you to get personal validation that they use an excellent lab and materials. Do some online research about the laboratory and the materials the doctor will be using. There are differences in the quality of crowns and veneers. You want your end result to look as natural as possible.

When it comes to cosmetic dental procedures, do your homework. Go online and research the doctors in your area, the procedure and the materials. You will find a plethora of information. Make consultation appointments (most are complimentary). Once in the office, is the team friendly? Do you like the doctor? Have they answered all of your questions? Then, choose wisely.

Removable Partial Dentures Fills Space of Missing Teeth

Tom Palermo — Mon, 01 Jun 2009 18:58:06 +0000

DENTISTRY

Dr. Robert Mathews

Replacing missing teeth is an important step in maintaining a healthy smile.

When teeth are missing, the remaining ones can change position and drift into the surrounding space. Teeth that are out of position can damage tissues in the mouth. In addition, it may be difficult to clean thoroughly between crooked teeth. This can result in tooth decay and periodontal (gum) disease, which can lead to loss of additional teeth.

A removable partial denture fills in the space created by missing teeth and fills out your smile. This type of denture aids in proper chewing of food, a difficult task when teethe are missing. In addition, a denture may improve speech and prevent a sagging face by providing support for lips and cheeks.

Types of Removable Partial Dentures
• Acrylic or plastic partial dentures—usually used as immediate or temporary partial dentures.
• Cast partial dentures—consist of replacement teeth attached to pink or gum-colored acrylic bases, which are connected by metal framework, and attach to natural teeth with metal clasps or devices called precision attachments. This type of attachment is generally more esthetic than metal clasps, but requires crowns on the anchoring natural teeth to improve the fit of the removable denture and generally costs more than those with metal clasps.
• Flexible removable partial dentures which are made with a special vulcanized technique and materials.

A REMOVABLE partial denture fills out your smile, helps you to properly chew food, improve speech and prevent a sagging face by providing support for lips and cheeks.

For the first few weeks, your new partial denture may feel awkward or bulky. However, your mouth will eventually become accustomed to wearing it. Inserting and removing the denture will require some practice. Follow all instructions given by your dentist. Your denture should fit into place with relative ease. Never force the partial denture in by biting down. This could bend or break the clasps.

A well-fitted partial denture will make eating more comfortable and pleasurable. Start out by eating soft foods cut into small pieces and chew on both sides of the mouth. It can be difficult to speak clearly when you are missing teeth. Consequently, wearing a partial denture may help. If you find it difficult to pronounce certain words with your new denture, practice reading out loud.

Over time, adjusting the denture may be necessary. As you age, your mouth naturally changes, which can affect the fit of the denture. Your bone and gum ridges can recede or shrink, resulting in a loose-fitting denture. Dentures that do not fit properly should be adjusted by your dentist. Loose dentures can cause various problems, including sores or infections. You can do serious harm to your denture and to your health by trying to adjust or repair your denture yourself.

Robert Matthews, D.D.M. graduated with honors from the University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine. Practicing dentistry for over 27 years, Dr. Matthews is a fellow in the Academy of General Dentistry and a member in good standing in the American Dental Association. Commander Matthews recently retired from the U.S. Naval Reserves. If you have additional questions about preparing for a dental visit, call Perfect Fit Dental at 321-986-8686 or log on to www.perfectfitdental.com

Camera Allows Patient To See Their Dentist’s Work

Tom Palermo — Mon, 01 Jun 2009 16:39:49 +0000

DENTAL TECHNOLOGY

Dr. Chris Edwards

Many dentists appreciate magnification and use magnifying loupes when working in the mouth.

Microscopes have been used in general medicine in some form or the other since the ‘60s. Some Endodontists (root canal specialists) have been using microscopes in dentistry for the past 10 years. Endodontists work in a very restricted operating field, peering down long, dark roots of infected teeth. It has proved invaluable in uncovering difficult canals and root fractures.

Many dentists appreciate magnification and use magnifying loupes when working in the mouth. Loupes magnification is usually 2.5 to 4 power. A few high tech general dentists have begun using the microscope and for a very good reason. Success in dentistry is determined by visually looking in the mouth and seeing problems when they are small before they progress into trouble. Success is also determined by the skill of the dentist and how well he can repair the problems he finds.

The use of the microscope (2.1 to 19.2 magnification) provides unsurpassed visual acuity. The magnification and accompanying focused light, improves vision and allows observation of the operating field much better than magnifying loupes. It goes with out saying; if you can’t see the problem you can’t fix it.

In restorative work, it provides refinement in tooth and margin preparation, and allows for closer inspection of restorations and tissues. The improved lighting and magnification aids in caries detection and the identification of fractures and abnormalities.

Dr. Chris Edwards

In the reconstructive aspect, the enhanced magnification enables the dentist to assess decay removal and prepare conservative restorations, saving important tooth structure. It provides better inspection of impressions, and marginal fits around crowns, veneers, inlays/onlays and composite fillings. It facilitates finishing and polishing of margins, assists in gingival contouring and reshaping around teeth and implants. The use of hard and soft tissue lasers like the Waterlase MD, demand magnification for precision cutting and efficiency.

Microscopes have an attachment that allows a video or still camera to see what the dentist sees through the microscope. There is clear documentation of the work that was done or problems discovered. A brave or curious patient through the use of video can watch live what the dentist is doing.

When I first used the microscope I was surprised at how much more I could see, amd I have just acquired my second one and will never do dentistry without it. I predict all dentists will be using the microscope in the future for one main reason - you can see better!

Your Dental Health and Medical Health Are Closely Related

Tom Palermo — Sun, 31 May 2009 01:29:09 +0000

DENTISTRY

Dr. Robert Mathews

Go To the Dentist Prepared

YOU MAY BE one of thousands of people who haven’t visited a dentist in several years. Fear, money, time and embarrassment may be among the factors keeping you away from helping yourself.

If you are procrastinating, consider this: According to the American Medical Association, gum and bone disease (periodontal disease) can contribute to a variety of medical conditions affecting your overall health. Dental infection, mouth inflammation and inability to talk and communicate appropriately are just some of the by-products of allowing disease to continue in your mouth. Not to mention how improper chewing of food can be a direct relationship to inadequate digestion.

You must compose yourself against any dental fears you may have and realize you can’t continue to allow your dental health to deteriorate. You may think now all you need to do is make an appointment. However, you need to take the time to prepare properly for your dental visit, including compiling the necessary information needed by your dentist including:

Your medical doctor’s name and complete contact information; phone number, fax, and e-mail address.
A record of your most recent medical examination. Your dentist will probably ask you about any medical diagnoses or surgeries, including details such as heart murmurs, cardiac valve replacements, diabetes, respiratory disease and cancer.
A comprehensive list of the medications you are taking including physician prescribed, over-the-counter and herbs.
Make sure you know any drugs you may be allergic or sensitive to.
Contact your previous dentist for an updated synopsis on previous dental treatment including a copy of your x-rays.
If you have dental insurance, make sure to take your documentation. You may want to discuss an alternative treatment and find out if financial arrangements can be made.

TECHNOLOGY in dentistry has made huge strides since this painting was created.

Make the Appointment
You may wonder your dentist needs to know all your personal medical information. The answer to this is simple: Your medical and dental health are closely linked.

For example, if you are being treated for heart problems, high blood pressure or lung dysfunction, certain local anesthetics as well as sedation medications could adversely interact in your body. If you take a blood thinner like Coumadin, Plavix, aspirin or fish oil supplements, your ability to clot could be altered during a dental procedure - and the potential outcome could be fatal.

In a future article I will discuss previous and current antibiotic recommendations for dental visits by the American Heart Association. Remember your dental health and your medical health are linked, so before you go to the dentist be prepared.

Robert Matthews, D.D.M. graduated with honors from the University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine. Practicing dentistry for over 27 years, Dr. Matthews is a fellow in the Academy of General Dentistry and a member in good standing in the American Dental Association. Commander Matthews recently retired from the U.S. Naval Reserves. If you have additional questions about preparing for a dental visit, call Perfect Fit Dental at 321-986-8686 or log on to www.perfectfitdental.com

Minimally Invasive Dentistry

Tom Palermo — Mon, 25 May 2009 18:14:17 +0000

Dr. Chris Edwards

Gratifying for dentists and appreciated by patients

Minimally Invasive Dentistry focuses on the health, function and aesthetics of oral tissue by preventing disease from occurring or halting its progress with minimal tissue loss. It is a progressive dental technique used by today's forward-thinking dentists.

The old paradigm of dentistry, which is still in practice, is waiting for a cavity to become visible and then repairing the cavity with deeper, larger fillings. This leads to many problems, including but not limited to mercury containing amalgam fillings, tooth breakage and fractures, the need for expensive crowns, root canals, bridges, and eventually even tooth loss and dentures.

Dental caries (commonly called decay) is the process where bacteria in the mouth are able to get through the enamel into the softer inner part of the tooth called the dentin. Left unchecked, the caries will progress to the pulp (nerve) and infect it. The tooth may then abscess into the jawbone or continue to break down all of the way to the gum.

Teeth develop with small pits and fissures (grooves) on the chewing surfaces, which are often improperly formed. These areas are inaccessible to the toothbrush and may lead to caries in a large percentage of the population, particularly with a diet high in sugar and carbohydrates.

The diagnosis of these caries is difficult because they do not show up on X-rays until they are quite advanced. The dental explorer (pick) used by the dentist can miss the decay until the decay has progressed much deeper and the enamel breaks down. This is termed "cavitation," which is a visible hole in the tooth and from which the modern term "cavity" is derived.

With the new Diagnodent laser detection device, it is now possible to detect decay that is under the surface. The diagnodent works using a laser to detect certain wavelengths of light which indicate that decay is present rather than healthy tooth structure. This allows the amount of decay to be “quantified” chairside - the higher the number means more decay is present.

Detects and Repairs
Minimally invasive dentistry detects and repairs these areas of early subtle decay before it progresses. Modern tools such as the Diagnodent Laser cavity detector, caries dyes and magnification enable the Dentist to discover and remove the smallest decay. Progressive technologies like the operating microscope, air abrasion, the Waterlase MD, special tiny drills and sealant like filling materials enable the dentist to conservatively correct the problem.

The WATERLASE MD is unique in its ability to use laser energy on hard tissue. Many procedures using the laser on teeth or removing gum can be done with no drill or anesthesia. The amount of postoperative pain is dramatically decreased and healing time is reduced. There is no vibration, which is the cause of microfractures often associated with conventional drills.

Gentle and Restorative
Minimally invasive dentistry removes only as much tooth structure as is necessary. Using air abrasion (a miniature sand blaster), which is very gentle on the tooth, cleans all the pits and fissures, and prepares the tooth for a strong bond to the restorative materials. If there is any carious tooth structure below, it quickly exposes it. Early carious lesions are filled with a preventive resin. Unlike the traditional pit and fissure sealants, which had a high probability of breaking down or becoming carious, these restorations are long lasting.

Uses Bioavailable Minerals
An exciting part of this new paradigm of dentistry is that we can now reverse early, non-cavitated carious lesions. Remineralization uses bioavailable minerals such as calcium and phosphorous to rebuild teeth. Some of the higher quality Xylitol products like MI Paste contain these bioavailable minerals.

Xylitol therapy is of tremendous value because it reduces the strep mutans bacteria in the mouth. This decreases acid levels and raises the ph level, which reduces plaque formation. Remineralizion and Xylitol therapy work together to rebuild teeth.

The cornerstone of good dental health is prevention. Excellent oral hygiene, a healthy diet and regular preventive care prevent many problems from occurring. Minimally invasive dentistry is gratifying for dentists and appreciated by patients. These forward thinking techniques make it possible to save your teeth and keep your mouth healthy for a lifetime. n